故宮書畫錄(卷八),第四冊,頁181&*故宮書畫圖錄,第十二冊,頁283-284&*永瑢,生於高宗乾隆八(公元一七四三)年,死於五十五(公元一七九0)年,為高宗第六子,封質莊親王,自號九思主人。工於詩文,又能書法繪畫,畫山水師學近人黃堅,能够自闢一途,狀物寫景甚為重視明暗向背的表現,畫境頗有實境之感。&* Yung Jung (hao Chiu-ssu chu-jen) was the sixth son of the Ch’ien-lung Emperor (r. 1736-1796). His abilities ranged from poetry and essays to painting and calligraphy. He learned landscape painting from Huang Chien, but was able to establish his independence as an artist by carefully bringing out the effects of light and shadow to heighten the appearance of volume in his subjects. Thus his paintings seem almost alive.