簡介:"礦物硫化物及硫鹽閃鋅礦Sphalerite Sulfides and SulfosaltsMainly composed of zinc and sulphur, sphalerite often contains iron, manganese and other minerals. Its optical properties vary with the amount of iron contained. As the amount of iron increases, its color will change gradually from colorless to light yellow, brownish yellow and brown while the white streaks will turn brown.The amount of iron contained in sphalerite is closely related to the temperature at which it is formed. The higher the temperature, the more iron-rich and darker the sphalerite will become. On the other hand, the lower the temperature, the less iron and lighter in color. Iron-rich sphalerite can be divided into two subspecies: marmatite (Fe>8-10%) and black sphalerite (Fe~26%).Sphalerite can be commonly found in hydrothermal sulphurous veins and it tends to be intergrown with galena. Sphalerite is used not only as a major ore of zinc but also a major source of scarce elements such as Cd, Ga, Ge, In and Tl.主要由鋅和硫所組成,但也常含有鐵和錳等成份。其光學性質常隨含鐵量的不同而變化。例如,當含鐵量增多時,顏色由無色到淺黃、黃褐以至褐色,條痕也由白色至褐色。 閃鋅礦中的鐵含量與形成溫度有關,高溫形成者,鐵含量高,顏色較深;低溫形成者,鐵含量低,顏色較淺。富含鐵的閃鋅礦亞種有:鐵閃鋅礦(Marmatite, Fe>8-10%),黑閃鋅礦(Fe~26%)。 閃鋅礦在熱液硫化礦脈當中分布十分普遍,並常與方鉛礦密切共生。它不但是最重要的含鋅礦物,同時也是鎘(Cd)、鎵(Ga)、鍺(Ge)、銦(In)、鉈(Tl)等稀有元素的主要來源。"