清張仲學畫歲朝鍾馗 軸
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- 資料識別：
- 故畫002707N000000000
- 資料類型：
- 類型:繪畫
- 型式:靜態圖像
- 著作者：
- 張仲學
- 主題與關鍵字：
- 欄杆 傢俱（屏風） 宗教器用 文房用具 庭院 松 鬼怪 鍾馗 竹 年節
- 出版者：
- 數位化執行單位:國立故宮博物院
- 格式：
- 本幅 127.5x63.5公分、全幅 85公分
- 關聯：
- 石渠寶笈三編（延春閣），第五冊，頁2395&*故宮書畫錄（卷八），第四冊，頁115&*故宮書畫圖錄，第十二冊，頁343-344&*張仲學，生卒年里不詳。 本幅畫歲除時節，鍾馗搦管書桃符。桃木自古即被視同可以制鬼避邪的靈物。漢代，則發展成以桃木雕製神荼、鬱壘像，掛於門旁抵御凶邪的習俗。魏晉南北朝之際，演變為在桃木板上書寫神荼、鬱壘的名字，名之曰「桃符」。五代後蜀，宮廷裡已開始於桃符上題寫聯語，形如後世的春聯形式。至若在新春畫鍾馗像，則淵源自唐代古風。張仲學此作將鍾馗與桃符予以巧妙結合，或即由此衍生而得，惟通幅筆致勁利，風格略近於明代浙派。&*Chung K’uei on a New Year’s Day Chang Chung-hsüeh Ch’ing Dynasty (1644-1911) Biographical information concerning Chang Chung-hsüeh is lacking. As indicated by the title, the time for this painting is given as the lunar New Year. Chung K’uei sits holding an ink-laden brush ready to inscribe a peachwood charm. A demon holds the other end and another stands behind. Since antiquity, peachwood charms have been used to drive away evil spirits. Starting in the Han dynasty (206 BC-220AD), the custom of carving images of the guardian door gods Shen-t’u and Yü-lü in peachwood and hanging them on either side of front doors to dispel evil spirits began. In the Six Dynasties (220-589), it became customary to write the names of Shen-t’u and Yü-lü on planks of peachwood, becoming known as “peachwood charms.” By the Five Dynasties (907-960), it was already tradition to write couplets on peachwood charms and hang them in the palace, much like modern couplets of New Year calligraphy on red paper. Painting images of Chung K’uei originated in the T’ang (618-907). In this unique painting, Chang Chung-hsüeh appears to be the first to have skillfully combined the above two traditions into one. The style appears similar to that of Che School painters of the Ming (1368-1644). &*1.劉芳如，〈清張仲學畫歲朝鍾馗〉，收入國立故宮博物院編輯委員會編，《迎歲集福 — 院藏鍾馗名畫特展》（臺北：國立故宮博物院，1997年二月初版一刷），頁153-154。
- 管理權：
- 國立故宮博物院
授權聯絡窗口
- 國立故宮博物院圖像授權、出版授權、影音資料授權-申請流程說明
http://www.npm.gov.tw/zh-TW/Article.aspx?sNo=03003061
