秘殿珠林續編(乾清宮),第一冊,頁134&*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁257&*故宮書畫圖錄,第五冊,頁179-180&*1.李玉珉,〈元人應真像(左)〉,收入李玉珉主編,《羅漢畫》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1990年初版),頁77。 2.李玉珉,〈元人應真像〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第300期(2008年3月),頁29。 &*本幅為十八羅漢畫軸二幅之左,畫降龍尊者等九應真與侍者二人。無作者款印。 此作畫法極為精嚴,晝風出自南宋劉松年一系,設色清雅有緻。人物開面各具生意,用筆變化多端,如鐵線描、曹衣出水描等,運用自如,沈著中又見活潑。&*Two paintings form a set in this rendition of the eighteen lohans. The work shown here is the left half of the pair. In this representation are nine lohans, two attendants, and a dragon. The brushwork is extremely delicate and refined, its style deriving from the Liu Sung-nien school of the Southern Sung (1127-1279). Color has been applied in a sensitive and elegant manner. The artist has employed various brush techniques to imbue the facial features of each image with a fresh sense of individuality and vitality. These methods include iron-wire lines, which are of an even thickness throughout, and graceful but densely drawn garment lines which flow rhythmically together, instilling the composition with life-like vigor.&*這兩幅畫軸各繪九尊羅漢與二侍者,形成一組十八羅漢對幅。十八羅漢的名稱不見於經典記載,是在十六羅漢信仰的基礎上發展而來的。畫中的十八尊羅漢手中分持經卷、麈扇、念珠、蓮花、香爐等,形貌各異,或老或少;又或作天竺羅漢,深目大鼻,膚色深褐,或為漢族比丘,修眉細目,膚色白晰。除此之外,畫家更傳神地描寫了這些人物的精神狀態,例如,右幅上方的降龍羅漢,抬頭蹙眉,瞪望空中的騰龍,眼露凶忿。左幅下方手持貝葉經的羅漢,眉開眼笑,滿臉歡愉。全作的衣紋線條以凝煉的中鋒完成,時而均勻縈回,流利暢達;又時而頓挫轉折,挺勁有力,不但變化多端,而且準確地掌握人物衣下的身軀結構。人物的五官和髭鬚都以細筆鉤畫,而衣上的圖案也描繪得一絲不苟。全作繪製精謹,設色妍麗而不明艷,清雅出塵,誠為元代(1279-1368)宗教畫的代表作。(李玉珉)