中文名:四黑目天蠶蛾
學名:Eriogyna pyretorum pearsoni Watson, 1911
推薦分享
後設資料
- 資料識別：
- 系統識別碼:0b000001800340e7
- 資料類型：
- 型式:合集
- 主題與關鍵字：
- 學域-大分類:動物-昆蟲類
- 拉丁界名:Animalia
- 中文界名:動物界
- 拉丁門名:Arthropoda
- 中文門名:節肢動物門
- 拉丁綱名:Insecta
- 中文綱名:昆蟲綱
- 拉丁亞綱名:Pterygota
- 中文亞綱名:有翅亞綱
- 拉丁目名:Lepidoptera
- 中文目名:鱗翅目
- 拉丁總科名:Bombycoidea
- 中文總科名:蠶蛾總科
- 拉丁科名:Saturniidae
- 中文科名:天蠶蛾科
- 拉丁亞科名:Saturniinae
- 中文亞科名:天蠶蛾亞科
- 拉丁族名:Saturnini
- 拉丁屬名:Eriogyna
- 拉丁種小名:pyretorum
- 描述：
- 種命名者:Watson, A.
- 簡介:"四黑目天蠶蛾Eriogyna pyretorum pearsoni翅呈灰黑色，前、後翅近中央位置各有一枚黑色眼斑，各眼斑內有一圈黃色線圈，且各眼斑大小約略相等，此為本種名稱之由來。前翅中央處有兩條波浪狀黑線穿越，前翅基部呈黑褐色。後翅顏色遠淡於前翅，並有許多明顯白色區域。此外前後翅側緣皆有一白色帶。本種腹部有許多黑色短毛，雌蛾產卵時即將黑毛覆佈於卵粒作為遮護。本種為具有經濟價值之種類，原分部於江西、湖南、兩廣、福建、海南島及印度等地，日據時代引進台灣，在中部設立人工養殖場，以其絲絹製造釣魚線供銷國內外。39年停止人工飼養後，乃淪為台灣的野生蠶類。寄主植物為楓香Liquidambar formosana Hance、樟樹 Cinnamomum camphora（L.）Sieb.。本種之描述主要引用王效岳（1994）所發表的文獻內容。InsectsMothsSaturnia pyretorum Westwood蛾四黑目天蠶蛾簡介The Giant Silkworm Saturnia pyretorum has economic significance in terms of silk production. The moth is also known as Fish-line Silkworm because its silk is used to make into natural fish-lines. The indigenous range of the species may include India, Vietnam and southern China but is hard to determine because of a long artificial-breeding history of the moths (as early as 885 AC). The adults have a wingspan of 75~85 mm in males and 105~110 mm in females. The wing coloration is grayish brown, featured with several wavy bands and two pairs of black eye spots in equal size on the forewings and hindwings. The Giant Silkworm is univoltine. The female moths cover their eggs with shed hairs. Young larvae hatched after three weeks of egg stage. There are seven to eight larval instars. They feed mainly on Liquidambar formosana Hance (Hamamelidaceae) and Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb (Lauraceae), and occasionally become minor pest to the host plants. The larvae are green in ground coloration, featured with noticeable blue and yellow longitudinal lines. Their bodies bear many long hairs but are harmless to people. The larvae grow fast into mature in about three weeks. They pupate within silk cocoons attached to tree trunks or branches, and oversummer as pupae. The adults appear in the winter. The species was introduced to Taiwan for economic purpose during the Japanese colonization in the first half of the 20 century. Moth farms were built in central Taiwan to produce silk fishing lines for export. The moths have spread into the wildness after the moth farms were shut down in 1950. They are now a naturalized species in Taiwan and have natural populations in the field. The moth in Taiwan was once reported as Eriogyna pyretorum pearsoni Watson, a subspecies originally described from Hainan Island, southern China. Yet the Eriogyna has been rendered as a junior synonym or a subgenus of Saturnia and the differentiation of subspecies is considered unnecessary. So the name Saturnia pyretorum was used herein."
- 食性:植食
- 成蟲體型概分:大型﹝10cm以上﹞
- 觸角特徵 Antennae:絲狀﹝Filiform；Thread－Like﹞
- 口器特徵:曲管式﹝虹吸式﹞﹝Siphoning type﹞
- 翅之數量:二對翅
- 足部特色:其他或一般
- 變態 Metamorphosis:完全變態﹝Holometabolous﹞
- 生態:皆陸生
- 出版者：
- 數位化執行單位:國立自然科學博物館：動物學組昆蟲學
- 關聯：
- 學名原始發表文獻:1911
- 範圍：
- 台灣分布地點:12月至翌年1~2月
- 世界地理分布:印度
- 管理權：
- 典藏單位:國立自然科學博物館
- 使用聲明:館內公開瀏覽
授權聯絡窗口
- 鍾舜丞
04-23226940*762
chungnmns@nmns.edu.tw
