石渠寶笈三編(延春閣),第六冊,頁2737 &*故宮書畫錄(卷八),第四冊,頁134 &*故宮書畫圖錄,第十四冊,頁339-340&* 董邦達(西元一六九九至一七六九),浙江省富陽縣人。字字存,號東山。雍正十一年進士,官至禮部尚書,善於畫山水。 畫中描繪著宋朝范成大臘月村田樂府中的分歲詞。舊俗:一年最後的一天叫「除日」,夜,叫「除夕」。在除夕,士庶人家,合家圍爐夜坐,達旦不眠,謂之「守歲」。又夜中祭祀祖先,長幼聚飲,祝頌而散,謂之「分歲」。 &*Illustration of Fan Ch’eng-ta’s Poem “Dividing the Years” In the Emperor’s Calligraphy Tung Pang-ta Ch’ing dynasty Tung Pang-ta (1699-1769) came from Fu-yang in Chekiang. His style name was Fu-ts’un and his sobriquet Tung-shan. He obtained the chin-shih degree in 1733, rising to be a Secretary at the Board of Civil Appointments. He was a landscape painter. This work is an illustration of Fan Ch’eng-ta of the Sung dynasty’s poem “Yüeh-fu of Twelfth Month in the Village: Dividing the Years”. It was an ancient custom that on New Year’s Eve all the members of a family, whether they were officials or plebeians, would gather together and sit until dawn without sleeping. This was known as “seeing the old year out”. There would also be prayers to the ancestors, after which young and old would drink together before parting. This was called ‘Dividing the Years’.