賈師古,汴人。紹興(西元1131—1162)畫院祇侯。善道釋人物,白描師李公麟,得其閒逸自在之狀。奇巖聳峙,上盤三松,下蔭寺宇城關。巖上覆草濃密,其旁磴道蜿蜒紆曲斜上城關。幅右下僧侶二人負經笈,逶迤而至,左下巖角署「賈師古」款。本幅勁銳短促的筆法與淳厚的濃墨,技法當傳自李唐、蕭照的影響。(註1)其中以禿筆畫松針,草及遠樹筆較尖細,層層點畫,其法乃自李唐「江山小景」、「萬壑松風」蛻化而出。構圖則以下方為重心佈置景物,餘演為眇垠天際。極度強調近景的「實」與天空的「虛」以相對應,而幅間以筆筆皴畫的技法,與南宋後期馬夏一派之以水墨交融來擴大畫面空間的表現方式大異其趣,故本幅當可歸之為南宋前期的風格。另艾瑞慈教授也認為以構圖和署款的方式來看,均可確定是典型南宋的模式。(註2)此圖左上有元官印「都省書畫之印」,中有「司印半印」及下有「禮部評驗書畫關防」(存半)二明官印,是明內府直接得自元內府。此三印常同時出現並皆鈐於宋人冊頁上居多。(註3)有關賈師古之生平,畫史記載極簡且有疑點,翁同文教授並考訂夏文彥著《圖繪寶鑑》除沿襲莊肅《畫繼補遺》外不無竄改之嫌。(註4)而儘管著錄言其善畫人物,「他則不聞」(註5)然史籍漏載或載而不全者非僅一例,(註6)本幅雖為孤例卻不稍減其特色,甚至可補畫史不傳之失。(許郭璜)註1:參見國立故宮博物院編,《故宮宋畫精華》(台北:國立故宮博物院,1975-1976),下卷,頁7。註2:Richard Edwards,"The Yen Family and the Influence of Li T'ang."Ars Orientalis, vol.10(1975),p.83.註3:有關「都省書畫之印」「司印半印」,請參閱傅申,〈祕書監書畫收藏概述〉,《元代皇室書畫收藏史略》(台北:國立故宮博物院,1981),頁93-99。註4:翁同文,〈圖繪寶鑑竄改舊文致誤舉例〉,《藝林叢考》(台北:聯經出版事業公司,1977),頁61。註5:同註4。註6:宋人作家兼長他科而無畫蹟留存者甚多,如崔白除花竹翎毛外亦善道釋鬼神,李安忠花鳥走獸外亦擅山水。有關宋畫家史料請參閱令狐彪,〈宋代畫院畫家考略〉,《美術研究》1982年第4期(1982年11月),頁39-61。
The birth and death dates of Chia Shih-ku, a native of K'ai-feng in Honan, are unknown, but he served in the Imperial Painting Academy during the Shaohsing reign (1131-1162). He excelled at painting Buddhist and Taoist figures, the style for which he patterned after Li Kung-lin (1041-1106). His pai-miao (plain outline) style has an untrammeled manner.In this painting are two monks carrying sûtras as they walk along a path. Above then protrudes a cliff upon which lies an old temple with a fluttering banner and three shady pine trees. The mountain path leads to a place where a city wall can be seen; mountains appear vaguely in the distance. Since Kao-tsung (r. 1127-1162) appreciated the paintings of Li style on the Imperial Painting Academy was strong. The textures and washes of the mountain rocks in this painting reflect the style of Li T'ang. Even though the figures are rendered in an abbreviated manner, the conception of them is complete and quite spirited.