故宮書畫錄(卷四),第二冊,頁298&*故宮書畫圖錄,第二十一冊,頁343-350&*十五世紀中葉以來,蘇州地區是我國繪畫的重心,自沈周崛起,文徵明繼踵,領導畫壇近九十年,不但盛極一時,至清尚有餘緒。文徵明的門下子姪一輩,人才濟濟,陸治(1496-1576)就是其中的一位。陸治,字叔平,號包山子,江蘇蘇州人。他在仕途上並不順遂,但人品、文采,均為時人推重; 一生高潔剛正,孝友姐弟,敦睦鄰里,捐出居所為祖祠,救濟鄰里至友。當時的文苑領袖王世貞稱譽他人品「古所稱仁心為質者」,繪畫則「其於丹青之學,務出其胸中奇,以與古人角,一時好稱,幾與文徵明先住埒」1 本幅是文徵明與陸治師生的書畫台璧,雖然長卷的形式是畫前書後,然根據兩者的款題,可知文徵明於一五三三年間,先寫了這三首七言律詩,時文氏年六十四歲; 兩年以後,陸治方始繪圖,落款云: 「嘉靖乙末(一五三五)春仲,包山陸治補意」。「補意、即為文徵明三首詩補繪詩意,兩人之書畫遂成合璧,時陸治四十歲。文氏大字時多挹注於黃庭堅,而本幅結字取筆以本體為多,書時揮灑自然,隱然又有黃庭堅餘韻,每行不過一至三字不等,字大如拳,佈置停勻筆力遒逸,體勢開展。而陸治的補圖,是典型的平遠山水,一河兩岸,臨水疏樹間,雅士廬中賞景,畫風秀逸,疊石有折帶皴法,方筆轉折,渴筆皺擦,此乃仿自元四大家之一的倪瓚畫風,但筆意不脫文、沈師門之法2。 (葛婉章) 1王世貞, ,陸叔平先生傳、, (弇州四部稿) 卷83, 收於 (文淵閣四庫全書) 集部二一九別集類 (台北: 商務印書館發行) , 總編號 1280,375-377頁。 2王耀庭、張華芝, (明陸治作品展覽圖錄) (台北: 國立故宮博物院, 1992 ),彩色圖板(版)3,10、ll頁,參考圖版50-52頁,圖版說明第68頁。&* 文徵明(西元一四七○至一五五九年),江蘇長洲人,初名壁,字徵明,後以字行,亦字徵仲,號停雲生、衡山居士。詩文書畫並佳,畫師沈周,為明四大家之一。陸治(西元一四九六至一五七六年)吳縣人,字叔平,號包山,好為詩及古文辭,善行楷,尤精通繪事。遊祝允明、文徵明門,其於丹青之學,務出其胸中奇。山水喜仿宋人,而時出己意。癸巳(一五三三)五月,文徵明自書詩於玉磬山房,大行書純是本體,無黃庭堅影響。乙未(一五三五)二月,陸治補圖,平遠山水,學倪瓚,惟仍是文沈法門。&*Wen Cheng-ming (sobriquets T'ing-yün-sheng, Heng-shan chü-shih) was a native of Ch'ang-chou in Kiangsu. Although his given name was Pi, he is best known by his style name, Cheng-ming. In painting, Wen followed the style of his teacher, Shen Chou. Noted for his consummate skill in painting and calligraphy, Wen Cheng-ming is considered one of the Four Great Masters of the Ming Dynasty. Lu Chih (style name Shu-p'ing, sobriquet Paoshan) was from Wu County in Kiangsu. He enjoyed poetry's classical prose, calligraphy, and painting. He was a close friend of Chu Yün-ming and Wen Cheng-ming, who taught him the art of painting. Lu Chih developed his own special techniques, and was revered in his own time. He enjoyed copying the works of Sung masters, but often expressed his own ideas as well. In the fifth month of 1533 Wen Cheng-ming wrote out this poetry at the Jade-chime Mountain Room (at his home in Suchou). The large semi-cursive characters are purely original and do not show the influence of Huang T’ing-chien. In the second month of 1535, Lu Chih added a level-distance landscape to the scroll. His painting reflects the style of Ni Tsan but still falls within the Shen Chou and Wen Cheng-ming tradition. &*1.江兆申,〈文徵明陸冶書畫合璧 卷〉,收入國立故宮博物院編,《吳派畫九十年展》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1975年初版,1976年再版,1981年三版),頁311。 2.陳葆真,〈從陸治的《溪山仙館》看吳派畫家摹仿倪瓚的模式 〉,《國立臺灣大學美術史研究集刊》,第1期(1994),頁205-297。