秘殿珠林續編(乾清宮),頁114 &*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁175 &*故宮書畫圖錄,第四冊,頁27-28&*1.李玉珉,〈元劉貫道畫羅漢〉,收入李玉珉主編,《羅漢畫》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1990年初版),頁76。 &*劉貫道(約活動於西元一二七O-一三OO年),字仲賢,中山(今河北定縣)人。善畫,寫御容稱旨,補御局使。道釋、人物悉宗晉唐古法。山水宗郭熙,花竹鳥獸亦能集諸家之長。 一羅漢正顯神通,杖上蓮花化出一靈猴獻桃,另一羅漢倚石而觀。人物衣褶結構疏散,筆筆間銜接不很緊密,但意趣已足。設色淺淡,有清雅脫俗之致。畫上有至正十六(西元一三五六)年款,惟劉氏活動年代似未遲至該年。&*Liu Kuan-tao (style name; Chung-hsien) was a native of Chung-shan (modern Ting County, Hopeh). Excelling at painting and imperial portraiture, he was appointed a commissioner of an imperial bureau. His religious and figure paintings were closely modeled on the ancient methods from the Chin (265-420) and T'ang (618-907) periods, while his landscapes were modeled after those of Kuo Hsi (after 1000-ca. 1090). Liu Kuan-tao was also able to combine the virtues of various painters in his depictions of flowers, bamboo, birds, and other animals. In this painting, a lohan demonstrates his supernatural powers by transforming the carved lotus flower on his cane into a monkey offering a peach. The other lohan leans against a rock watching this manifestation. Even though the figures and drapery lines are cursorily painted and the brushstrokes are not well connected, the intent behind the brushwork is nonetheless sufficient to convey the idea of the forms. The colors are so light as to achieve an air of pure elegance, and they thus remove any traces of commonness. On the painting is an inscription dated to 1356, but Liu Kuan-tao's period of activity appears not to have extended to this year.