石渠寶笈三編(延春閣),第四冊,頁1879&*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁354&*故宮書畫圖錄,第七冊,頁255-256&* 仇英(約西元一四九四-一五五二年),江蘇太倉人。此圖繪文人在山林草堂讀書賞景的幽居生活,樹竹等描寫工整細緻筆法,賦色雅麗。皴筆多頓挫方硬,吸收文派細筆山水的技法,雖非出自仇英之手,當為明畫無疑。 一士人攤書於四面平條案上,閉目坐交椅上假寐。椅下部如同胡床,上部靠背板與座面為藤編物,上有一荷葉托首以托住頸部,非常舒適。此椅與《三才圖會》醉翁椅相同,扶手延伸較長,前腿間有踏床,是明代流行用具。上海博物館所藏仇英「梧竹書堂」與此圖構圖相同。 &*Reading Quietly in the Shade of Pawlonia Trees Ch’iu Ying (ca. 1494-1552) Ming Dynasty Chiu Ying was a native of T’ai-ts’ang, Kiangsu. In this painting, a scholar enjoys the quiet, peaceful scenery while taking a break from his studies in a thatched hall in the countryside. The trees and bamboo have been rendered with exceptional detail and the application of color is elegant and refined. The texturing has been done with a stiff and hesitant brush, reflecting the influence of the delicate landscape style associated with Wen Cheng-ming (1470-1559). Although this work is not by Ch’iu Ying, it is a superb example nonetheless. The scholar has placed his books on a table flush on all sides and sits with eyes closed as if at sleep on the foldable chair. The lower part of the chair is like that of a "barbarian seat," while the top has a headrest in the shape of a lotus-leaf to support the neck and make it even more comfortable. This is the so-called "Drunken Man’s Chair" found illustrated in the contemporary Pictorial Encyclopedia of Heaven, Earth, and Man (San-ts’ai t’u hui). The chair is reclinable with armrests and a footrest, and it was popular in the Ming dynasty. Ch’iu Ying’s "Studying in a Hall Among Bamboo and Pawlonia," now in the Shanghai Museum, is similar in composition to this work. &* 仇英,生卒不詳,其作品見於正德己巳至嘉靖壬子間(西元一五○九-一五五二年),垂四十餘年。太倉人,字實父,號十洲。畫師周臣,為明四大家之一。 臨水第軒,一人偃臥椅上,軒外桐梢障天,竹林冪地,幽泉隱咽於叢篁之間,飛瀑長懸於雲氣之外,盖寫夏日景色而自有清涼之韻。仇英畫法精麗艷逸,畫樹亦如山石人物,筆筆週到。 &*Meditating Under the Shade of the Pirmiana Tree Ch’iu Ying (fl.ca. 1490-1552) Ming Dynasty Ch’iu Ying, a native of the Shanghai region, flourished near Soochou. His tzu (style name) was Shih-fu and his hao (sobriquet) was Shih-chou. He was instructed by Chou Ch’en, and although not of literati, he received the adulation of the literati and is considered one of the Four Great Masters of the Ming dynasty. A thatched hut opens to the cool of a flowing stream. A gentleman dozes inside the hut under the shade of a luxuriant firmiana tree, its branches stretching to the sky. Outside thickets of bamboo carpet the ground, the thickets partially enshrouded by the mist of a flying waterfall. Depicting a typical day of summertime leisure, the artist has successfully captured the idyllic mood of such a scene. His trees are painted with care, charm and refinement just as his mountains, rocks, and figures are.