石渠寶笈三編(延春閣),第四冊,頁1693&*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁260&*故宮書畫圖錄,第五冊,頁195-196&*十八位文士分別繪於四幅中,每幅各繪四或五人,旁皆有童僕環侍。園中的楊柳、檜柏、楓桐與松樹,點出了春、夏、秋、冬的時序,而文士所愛好的琴、棋、書、畫,分別與四景相配合,是這類高士圖的基本構圖形式。 本幅繪夏景。鹿兒悠遊於柏蔭下,兩位文士,正對坐下棋。另兩人,一倚立,一倨坐,在旁觀棋。童子或提著洒器,或捧茶具、或揮羽扇,侍立於旁。&*Eighteen scholars have been divided between four hanging scrolls of this set,each one containing four or five figures accompanied by servants. The trees depicted in each of the scrolls, such as willow, fir, maple and pawlonia, and pine, correspond to the four seasons--spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Furtherinore, the four traditional activities of the scholar have been divided among the four scenes. This is a basic compositional formula for this kind of painting of scholars. In this scroll of summer scenery, deer can be seen resting in the shade of the cypress as two scholars face each other on chairs playing chess. Two other figures, one leaning and the other seated, are next to the table viewing the game. Servants can be seen preparing wine and tea utensils, holding fans, or waiting in attendance.