石渠寶笈續編(寧壽宮),第五冊,頁2755 &*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁169-170&*故宮書畫圖錄,第四冊,頁13-14&*1.劉芳如,〈元高克恭雲橫秀嶺〉,收入王耀庭、許郭璜、陳階晉編,《故宮書畫菁華特輯》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1987年初版,2001年再版),頁172-173。 2.王耀庭,〈元高克恭雲橫秀嶺〉,收入王耀庭編,《青綠山水畫特展圖錄》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1995年七月初版一刷),頁84。 3.胡賽蘭,〈高克恭雲橫秀嶺〉,收入石守謙、葛婉章主編,《大汗的世紀:蒙元時代的多元文化與藝術》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,2001年初版),頁312-313。 4.〈元高克恭雲橫秀嶺圖〉,收入國立故宮博物院編輯委員會編,《名寶上珍》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1995年初版一刷),頁248。 5.劉芳如,〈國之重寶 — 書畫精萃特展〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第19期(1984年10月),頁27-28。 6.劉芳如,〈元高克恭雲橫秀嶺圖〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第100期(1991年7月),頁88-89。 &*原屬回族的高克恭算是非漢族士人參與中國書畫創作的先鋒。他在四十二歲後任職南方時才開始學畫,南方士大夫如趙孟頫可能給過指引,不過,北籍的李衎或為更重要的導師。本幅就有李衎的評語,稱讚他的畫已無早年缺點。畫史雖說他祖述米芾、米友仁以點為主的平淡風格,但本畫氣勢雄渾的大山,則已融入北宋巨障山水,畫法也多採直接的素描,可見他對既有典範規矩的開放態度。&*Kao K'o-kung, of Uighur descent from China's far west, was a pioneer among non-Chinese in terms achievements in Chinese painting and calligraphy. Not until aftter he was 41 when he served in office in the south did he begin to study painting. Southern scholars such as Chao Meng-fu may have guided him, but the northerner Li K'an was probably of even greater influence. In fact, this work has a commentary by Li K'an, who praised kao for having overcome the artistic deficiencies of earlier years. Though art texts mention that Kao just followed the plain style of the Sung scholar painters Mi Fu and Mi Yu-jen, Kao's majestic mountains here reflect fusion with the Northern Sung (960-1126) monumental style. His technique also suggests a more direct approach to landscape depiction, thereby revealing his liberated approach to classical norms of art.&*高克恭(西元一二四八—一三一○年)號房山,西域回紇人,官至刑部尚書。 本幅反映了元初的復古運動,畫風綜合畫史上各種重要的傳統:雄偉渾圓的峰巒,和山表的披麻皴是董巨式的;石隙間密密的苔點與山腰下浮動的煙嵐是米芾式的;白雲掩映下的針樅是趙令穰的畫法;而青綠著色則是唐代風格。不過,高克恭的追隨董巨,未能開啟新的方向,因此他對後世的影響力,遠不及錢選和趙孟頫。&*Kao K'o-kung was an Uighur who served as a high official in the Yüan dynasty. This work reflects an early Yüan revivalist style and a synthesis of various major painting traditions. The grand but soft peaks with hemp-fiber texture strokes are in the 10th century Tung Yüan and Chü-jan mode. The dense moss dots and floating mists reveal that of Mi Fu (1051-1107). The spruce trees follow in the Chao Ling-jang (fl. ca. 1070-1100) style and the use of blue-and-green goes back to the T'ang dynasty (618-907). Though following the Tung-Chü mode, Kao did not create a new direction in painting, so his influence on later art was not as great as that of revivalist contemporaries Ch'ien Hsüan or Chao Meng-fu.