題名:鳥與人變鳥--臺灣原住民口傳故事析論
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- 資料類型：
- 來源資料庫:學位論文
- 著作者：
- 創作者名稱:陳美慧
- 主題與關鍵字：
- 主要分類:民間文學傳說
- 中文關鍵詞:臺灣
- 中文關鍵詞:民間傳說
- 中文關鍵詞:口傳文學
- 中文關鍵詞:變形神話
- 中文關鍵詞:人鳥變形
- 中文關鍵詞:鳥信仰
- 中文關鍵詞:鳥占
- 外文關鍵詞:Taiwan
- 外文關鍵詞:Taiwanese aborigines
- 外文關鍵詞:oral literature
- 外文關鍵詞:mythology
- 外文關鍵詞:transformation
- 外文關鍵詞:belief in birds
- 外文關鍵詞:bird divination
- 外文關鍵詞:bird worship
- 描述：
- 頁碼:188
- 中文摘要:「鳥」在臺灣原住民各族的口傳故事中，存在許多認知與文化意涵上的差異，但不管是作為狩獵對象，亦或是幫助人類、啟發人類，甚至成為保護族人的祖靈象徵，都充分展現出「鳥」在原住民生活及口傳文學上扮演的重要角色。諸如：在口傳故事中，鳥為人類舉天、造川，開闢美好的生活環境；鳥帶來的鵝卵石誕生了祖先；鳥的交合，啟蒙了人的性知識，讓人得以繁衍；鳥為人類取回火種，人類得以擺脫生食文化；人類從鳥的食物中發現了粟種、稻種，因而展開農耕生活；在實際生活中，原住民視「鳥」為預兆動物，以「鳥占」引導族人於生活中趨吉避凶；以鳥的羽毛做為頭飾，以識別身分地位；模仿「烏鴉嘴」樣式的文面圖樣，作為人死後回歸祖靈的識別。此外，臺灣原住民的「變形故事」豐富，其中又以「人鳥變形」的故事最多，人藉著變形為飛鳥以逃避生活及心理上的危機，甚至以變形為飛鳥與「死亡抗爭」，轉化了命運，凡此種種，皆蘊含了原住民「物我同一」的原始思維及對鳥的特殊情感與崇羨之情，因此，立下許多愛鳥、護鳥的禁忌。本文以臺灣原住民飛鳥與人鳥變形的口傳故事為題材，推究其所隱含的神話思維及文化面向，並分析這些口傳故事對各族禁忌、習俗、祭儀的建制功能，最後，以原住民「崇鳥遺俗」與中國「鳥信仰」文化特質間的相關性，回應原住民族群「多源遷移」的新思考方向。
- 英文摘要:For most indigenous people of Taiwan, birds have assumed significant roles in their tradition and culture. Though the parts birds have played vary—e.g., messengers, supporters, souls of ancestors, prey, according to their species and particular tribesmen—they have profoundly influenced the daily life of Taiwanese indigenous people. Research into Taiwanese aborigines’ oral literature shows that birds often appeared as culture heroes. Myths say birds helped to lift up the sky and to make rivers, to carry back oval stone from which the human race was born, to enlighten human knowledge of breeding offspring, to take back fire which helped humans to develop cooking, and to present millet and rice to people by which human learned about cultivation. Tribesmen used feathers as headdresses to distinguish social rankings, tattooed faces which modeling the beak of crows to be a sign of identification in order to return to heaven after death, and took omens from bird divination before things happened. Most aboriginal tribes have rigid taboos against hurting birds with the belief that some birds posse the souls of their ancestors and some birds are deities who posses supernatural powers. Myths associated with transformation are abundant in Taiwanese aborigines’ oral literature and many are about humans transforming into birds. In various stories, humans that are transformed into birds are freed from suffering, are being punished, are reborn after death or are capable of taking vengeance. Though all of those stories are not maturely constructed, they clearly depict the profound affects Taiwanese aborigines bore toward birds, the mysterious species.This research focuses on the beliefs that Taiwanese aborigines had about birds and the correlation between the customs of bird worship and the “from humans into birds” transformation myths. Analyses of the implied primitive ideologies and the effect on the construction of cultural traditions, e.g., taboos, customs and rituals, were processed as well. Furthermore, after comparing some cultural traits of different ethnic groups that live on Asian mainland and Southeast Asian islands, this research adheres to the theory that aboriginal groups migrated to Taiwan from different areas at different periods of times.
- 出版者：
- 主要出版者:中興大學中國文學系所
- 出版地:臺中市
- 日期：
- 出版日期:2008
- 語言：
- 語文:中文
- 管理權：
- 典藏單位:國家圖書館
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