英文摘要:Peking Opera is one of the most representative forms of Chinese traditional performing arts, looking back at more than 200 years of history, but still being much alive on modern stages. Due to special reasons, it was not only the government of the Republic of China in its early years on Taiwan, that granted many resources and much attention to Peking opera, but private persons and connoisseurs spent many efforts in the task of ‘enhancing’, ‘new editing’, and ‘modernizing’ this art, thus attempting at adding new aspects to Peking opera and reversing dwindling audience numbers; private circles especially tried to win over and attract the younger generation. It was therefore more than just the trend of the times that resulted in differences between Taiwan’s Peking opera and its original setting in Beijing (in the PR China), as it was the result of a deliberate attempt at reform. This thesis analyzes pieces of Peking opera, that had been newly edited and newly written in Taiwan during the time between 1949 and 2005. It explores reasons for creating these pieces by comparing scripts and literary conditions for their emergence with politico-economic, social and cultural factors of their time of emergence. While pointing out creative advances of new editions and new writings, the focus of research rests upon subject (劇目題材), reflective conscious (主題意識), character set (腳色行當), scene structure (排場配置), and modern stage elements (現代劇場元素). On the base of these contributing segments, a general evaluation of the genealogy of newly edited and newly written pieces of Peking opera in modern Taiwan is put forward.