題名:台東麻老漏部落阿美族年齡階級組織之研究
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- 資料類型：
- 來源資料庫:學位論文
- 著作者：
- 創作者名稱:王忠義
- 主題與關鍵字：
- 主要分類:民俗傳說
- 中文關鍵詞:臺東縣
- 中文關鍵詞:民間傳說
- 中文關鍵詞:宗教信仰
- 中文關鍵詞:阿美族
- 中文關鍵詞:麻老漏部落
- 中文關鍵詞:年齡階級組織
- 中文關鍵詞:傳統
- 外文關鍵詞:Taitung County
- 外文關鍵詞:Amis Tribe
- 外文關鍵詞:Madawdaw Tribe
- 外文關鍵詞:age hierarchy
- 描述：
- 頁碼:231
- 中文摘要:年齡階級組織是阿美族傳統社會組織之一環，是一切公共政策與政治活動的基礎，肩負維護部落安全與文化延續等多重神聖任務，兼具社會、軍事、政治、法律、經濟與宗教等功能，部落的文化在這個組織被孕育創造，同時文化根源也在它的保護下受到傳承延續，扮演著部落永續發展的重要角色。 台東麻老漏部落係典型之阿美族聚落，在地理上位於綿長的花東海岸線中間地段，是早期海岸阿美、馬蘭阿美的交會處，錯綜複雜的氏族在長期融合及互動下，發展出獨特的社會制度，創造不同的阿美族文化風貎。麻老漏部落的年齡階級組織，歷經日治時代統治，1911年的麻老漏抗日事件致族人槍械被沒收，嚴重影響部落各類祭儀進行，日人對部落族人的制裁及對頭目的嚴懲，使年齡階級組織發展遭受重大傷害；二次戰後西方宗教紛紛傳入，部落族人傳統信仰被質疑為迷信，逐漸遭致族人的背棄，陸續發生部落頭目宣布取消男子夜宿會所、豐年祭被禁止舉行等重大變化，同時部落會所土地遭到變賣及不斷遷移，年齡階級失去部落的舞台，造成部落文化及社會組織前所未有的衝擊；1960年代以降，臺灣經濟型態的轉型，部落族人受到推、拉作用，青壯年男子紛紛外移到都會區就業，使部落年齡階級組織運作困難，組織逐漸鬆散及部落形成空洞化；1990年代中期以後，部落未再徵召年齡階級之預備期，部落最重要的支柱－年齡階級組織，至此正式走入歷史。近百年來，麻老漏部落受到政經、文化結構的壓迫及工業化的影響，造成部落傳統社會組織結構發生裂解，文化流失及語言失傳導致族人產生文化認同的危機。 任何文化的存續與滅絕，外在環境影響佔重要因素之外，族群的堅持與選擇最為關鍵，文化必須「存續」與「發展」並重，才能適應內外在環境的巨變。本研究認為最重要的是將年齡階級的精神轉化結合現實的部落社會情境，讓部落年輕族人體會到這樣的組織傳承，回歸到它的精神層面，透過轉化及創新，讓傳統年齡階級組織文化的精神，更能適應現代化社會的思潮，麻老漏部落年齡階級組織的精神才能生生不息，永傳不朽。
- 英文摘要:The age hierarchy, one of Amis Tribe’s traditional social organizations, is the foundation of every public policy and politics activity. It carries not only sacred multi-tasks of the tribe’s safety and the heritage of culture but also has the functions including the society, military, politics, laws, economy, and religion. The tribe’s culture was created in the hierarchy and was passed down through its protection. It played an important role of sustainable development in the tribe. Taitung Madawdaw Tribe, located in the middle of the long eastern coastal line, was the intersection of the early Amis and Malan Amis’ coast line. It has developed a unique social system and has created different Amis’ cultures due to its complicated relationship with other tribes and their interactions. The age hierarchy in Madawdaw tribe has been ruled by Japanese. In 1911, the guns of the tribe were taken away because of the war against the Japanese and the rituals in the tribe were gone. The Japanese punishment toward the tribe and the chief has damaged the age hierarchy development. After second world-war, the tribe’s traditional religions were considered superstition and were abandoned due to the introduction of western religions. The chief of the tribe announced to cancel the male gathering meeting and festivals. At the some time, the land of the tribe’s sanctuary were sold and moved away. The age hierarchy has lost its stage result in an unprecedented impact of the tribe’s culture and social organizations. After the year of 1960, the young men in the tribe have moved to urban areas searching for a job due to the transformation of economy in Taiwan. Thus, the working of the age hierarchy in the tribe became difficult and the organizations became loose and empty. Since 1990, the tribe has stopped the preparation of calling different age people to join the age hierarchy. Thus, the most important foundation of the tribe, the age hierarchy, has gone in the history forever. For over the past few hundred years, the Madawdaw tribe was influenced by the depression of politics, economy, culture structure, and industry, result in the break down of traditional social organization structure, culture, and language. The tribe, therefore, generated the crisis of culture recognition. The most important key of any culture’s remaining or perishing was the tribe’s perseverance and choice except the influence of the outer environment. The culture must be focus on both “sustainable” and “development” in order to adapt to the big change in the environment. This study showed that only by combining the spirit of the age hierarchy and the reality of the tribe’s social scenario, can the youngsters of the tribe understand the importance of passing down the culture and organization. Through transformation and innovation, the spirit of the age hierarchy can adapt to the modern society and remain forever.
- 出版者：
- 主要出版者:國立臺東大學區域政策與發展研究所
- 出版地:臺東縣臺東市
- 日期：
- 出版日期:2007
- 語言：
- 語文:中文
- 管理權：
- 典藏單位:無館藏
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