英文摘要:In the early days, Chingshui was called "Niu-ma-tou" or "Yu-aur-tou". The purpose of this study is to manifest the historical traces and developmental patterns in Chingshui, as under the direct or indirect influence of Chingshui Tzu-Yun Buddhist Temple. The Tzu-Yun Buddhist Temple served as the center of faith for 53 villages of Niu-ma-tou. and the local cultures are a strong, religious experience in this land. Through a series of ritual practices, this Temple has combined with local cultures to form an organized geographic entity which in turn formed specific local cultural systems. The result of this study is divided into four major sections: 1. We have explored how the Tzu-Yun Buddhist Temple had become the religious center of the 53 villages before 1794. 2. This study has discovered that the entrepreneurs of "Tsai Yun-shun" and "Yang Tung-hsing" had affected the local development of Chingshui and they all kept a tight connection with with the Tzu-Yun Temple. Also, the "Wen-chang Confucius academy," "Au-feng Confucius Academy," and "Wen-chang literati associations" were all established in 1845, as related organizations of the Temple. 3. This study also presented the spatial structures of the local township. Basically, this spatial structure is a deployment of the sacred spaces of Ching-shui, as formulated by a yearly practice of divine pilgrimage over two hundred years. 4. This study has systematically recorded those local sayings and oral histories related to the geomancy of Ching-shui Tzu-Yun Buddhist Temple, of how this feng-shui geomancy exerted auspitious powers onto the local developments. This study mainly discusses the development of Chingshui settlement as related to its religious center: the Ching-shui Tzu-Yun Buddhist Temple. We also provide an interpretation of how local people looked at their feng-shui geomancy and local culture.