石渠寶笈續編(御書房),第四冊,頁2256 &*故宮書畫錄(卷八),第四冊,頁130&*故宮書畫圖錄,第十四冊,頁87-88&*郎世寧(西元一六八八-一七六六年),意大利人。十九歲時,入主天主教耶穌會為修士。曾習油畫,兼習建築。二十七歲來華傳教,以繪事供奉內廷。歷仕康熙、雍正、乾隆三朝。畫法參酌中西,善畫人物、花鳥,尤擅犬馬。繪「鷟鸑爾」獨立於喬松之前,回首以喙整翅。此鳥生於西域,為朝臣阿桂由伊犁攜回,進呈宮廷。圖中御題詩亦見於《清高宗御製詩三集》,編年為乾隆癸未(一七六三年),是知此畫為郎世寧七十五歲之作。 &*Lang Shih-ning is the Chinese name used by Italian, Giuseppe Castiglione. At the age of 19, Castiglione entered the Jesuit order in Italy as a novitiate, and his early training included painting and architecture. He was subsequently sent to China and arrived in1715. His artistic skills came to the attention of the emperor, and he served in the inner court during the K’ang-hsi (1662-1722), Yung-cheng (1723-1735), and Ch’ien-lung (1736-1795) reigns as a painter. He combined his previous training with studies of Chinese painting techniques to create a style fusing the best of both traditions. He excelled at depicting figures, birds-and-flowers, and especially dogs and horses. In this painting is a depiction of a bird known as a “cho-yüeh” perched alone on an outcropping by a magnificent pine, turning its head with wing outstretched to preen its feathers. This bird is native to the regions west of China. The bird in this painting was taken back to court from the region of I-li and presented by the official A-kuei. The imperial poem inscribed on the painting is also found in the Ch’ien-lung emperor’s published collection of poetry. Composed in 1763, we thus know from this poem that Castiglione was 75 at the time painting was done. &*1.韓北新,〈郎世寧繪畫繫年(五)〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第71期(1989年2月),頁69-70。