宋人書司馬光拜左僕射告身 卷

宋人書司馬光拜左僕射告身 卷

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資料識別:
故書000078N000000000
資料類型:
類型:書法
型式:文字
出版者:
數位化執行單位:國立故宮博物院
格式:
本幅 27.3x594.5公分、前幅 24.8x34.8公分、隔水一 10.4公分、隔水二 10.9公分、隔水三 21.2公分
語言:
漢文
關聯:
石渠寶笈三編(延春閣),第三冊,頁1413 &*故宮書畫錄(卷一),第一冊,頁73&*「告身」就是朝廷授與官吏的任職令,而這份告身則是北宋朝廷於哲宗元祐元年〈1086〉頒給著名的政治家和史學家司馬光〈1019-1086〉出任尚書左僕射的任命狀。司馬光拜相以後,把王安石變法以來對民有害的部分悉盡除去,但他只在位數個月就過世了。 這幅告身前面附有司馬光的畫像,而告身的書寫則有柳字瘦勁的結構,參以顏書厚重的筆劃,反映了當時負責抄寫文書的北宋官吏的書風。&*Appointment certificates were issued by the court in traditional China to officials as formal announcement of their position. This certificate was presented by the Sung court in 1086 to the famous statesman Ssu-ma Kuang(1019-1086)to announce his promotion to the high position of Left Vice Director. Not long thereafter, Ssu-ma Kuang successfully repealed the unpopular policies of Wang An-shih(1021-1086).However, Ssu-ma Kuang was only in office in office for several months before he passed away. Attached to the beginning of this certificate is a portrait of Ssu-ma Kuang. The style of calligraphy in this document is in the thin and tensile manner associated with Liu Kung-ch'üan(778-865)as well as some of the heaviness of the style of Yen Chen-ch'ing(709-785). Thus, it is an excellent example of the calligraphic style practiced by court scribes of this period.&*1.王競雄,〈無款書司馬光拜左僕射告身〉,收入林柏亭主編,《大觀- 北宋書畫特展》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,2006年初版一刷),頁295- 297。 &*「告身」是古代勛奬或任命文武官員的正式文書,性質與今日職官派令相近,具有公信力,可以作為授受的憑證。北宋哲宗元祐元年(1086),任命司馬光為尚書左僕射兼門下侍郎,也就是俗話所說官拜宰相。這件宰相告身,材質為飾金花綾,書法猶帶唐人古風,可以驗證史書的記載,還有助於了解北宋官方文書的體制。至於告身文字之前司馬光畫像,為後人附加,並非告身原有的一部分。(20061206)&*In imperial times, an “appointment” was an official document for the award or appointment of a civil or military post, being similar to a dispatch order used by government officials today. Being an official document, it could be used as proof of appointment. In 1086, the first year of the Yüan-yu reign under Emperor Che-tsung, the famous scholar-official Ssu-ma Kuang was appointed as Left Vice Director of the Department of State Affairs and Vice Director of the Chancellery, which in more common terms would be the equivalent of Grand Councilor, or Prime Minister. The calligraphy of this appointment to the post of Prime Minister, done on golden ornamented thin silk, is similar to the archaic manner of the T’ang dynasty. Not only verifying historical fact, it also serves as evidence for understanding the format of Northern Sung official documents. The portrait of Ssu-ma Kuang appearing before the text, however, was added at a later date and not originally part of the document itself.(20061206)
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