石渠寶笈三編(乾清宮),第二冊,頁608&故宮書畫錄(卷八),第四冊,頁164&文伯仁(1502-1575),字德承,號五峰,又號葆生、攝山老農。江蘇蘇州人。文徵明侄子。擅長山水、人物,筆力清勁文秀,結構巖巒繁茂。畫學從文徵明(1470-1559)出,與王蒙(1308-1385)綿密細緻作風最為貼近。 山谷中,竹籬茅舍,旁植松柏林木;右側山凹深處,一瀑垂懸,直沖而下;人物或坐談、或送迎,亦有度橋而來者。幽窈深邃的景緻,詮釋韓愈〈送李愿歸盤谷序〉文中所述:「泉甘而土肥,草木叢茂,居民鮮少。……是谷也,宅幽而勢阻,隱者之所盤旋……」 本幅構景繁密,用筆用墨細膩溫和,畫法乃出自文徵明的影響,並深得清潤高雅的韻緻。畫中披麻皴線條及屋宇、籬笆、樹石等均用淡墨,點苔則用破筆濃墨,兩相對映,繁密充實的畫面,在光滑亮麗的金箋紙上呈現出疏朗的感覺。此外,夾葉樹點朱色,錯雜群樹中,使通幅於淺藍綠色調中,注入一股溫馨暖意。 盤谷在孟州濟源縣太行山之南(今河南省孟縣南),李愿居之,因號盤谷子。李愿,舊注為唐功臣西平郡王李晟(727-793)之子,據《舊唐書》載李愿元和初年(806)檢校禮部尚書,兼夏、綏、銀、宥等州節度使,政令威嚴,頗有聲譽。後轉徙鳳翔尹、鳳翔隴右節度使,始近聲色,不復素志。長慶二年(822),兼汴州刺史、宣武軍節度使時,生活日益驕奢浮華,軍政更為廢弛,並威刑以待下,是以群情積怨,牙將李臣則等人伺機謀叛。所述李愿等等情事與韓愈(768-824)文中之悠游適意之隱者互相違背,故此李愿是否即此人,仍有商榷之處。又韓愈此文作於唐貞元十七年辛巳(801),此時李愿主持軍政,當不至於歸隱。是故時間雖相符,可能姓名偶同,當是別有一人。另在《元和御覽詩》中一載有李愿者,並錄有詩二首,疑或即其人,待考。&文伯仁(1502-1575),字德承,號五峰,又號葆生、攝山老農。江蘇蘇州人。文徵明侄子。擅長山水、人物,筆法清勁文秀,得到文徵明的真傳。 山谷中,茅屋數間被竹籬笆所圍繞,四周種植松柏林木;右側方山凹深處,有一瀑布垂懸流下;畫中人物有對坐談話、相互送迎,也有持杖度橋而來者。文伯仁以靈活生動的筆觸,來描繪韓愈〈送李愿歸盤谷序〉文章中所敘述的景象。& Wen Po-jen, a native of Soochow, was a nephew of Wen Cheng-ming and specialized in painting landscapes and figures. His brushwork was pure and strong yet elegant, following that of his uncle. In the valley shown in this painting, several cottages are surrounded by a thatched bamboo fence as pine and cedar trees appear all over. To the left is another valley scene, where a cascade falls. The figures include two seated in conversation, two by the gate, and two on the bridge. Wen Po-jen has used spirited brushwork to describe the scenery described in Han Yü’s (768-824) “Preface to Li Yüan’s Return to P’an-ku”, a T’ang dynasty masterpiece extolling the friendship between scholars and the ideal of reclusion in nature.