秘殿珠林續編(乾清宮),頁253&*故宮書畫錄(卷八),第四冊,頁81&*故宮書畫圖錄,第九冊,頁47-48&* 陳槐,生卒年不詳。 圓光中天師執劍,其下為風雷雲雨諸神,五鼓伴諸神而現,鼓即雷鼓,五鼓表五雷。本幅當係描繪天師登壇行法,持寶劍敕請五雷神之情狀。天師即張天師之簡稱。一般習稱東漢張道陵為張天師,張道陵本名陵,明帝永平時拜江州令,後棄官隱居,入江西龍虎山習煉丹符咒之術,從學者頗衆,其後裔張宗演於元順帝至元間受封為輔漢天師。 &* The life of Ch’en Huai is still unknown. In this painting, Heavenly Master Chang appears in midair in a halo and with a sword. Under the halo, the gods of wind, thunder, cloud and rain fly together with five thunder drums. The scene is a depiction of a Taoist ritual called the “Five-drum Feat” which was performed by Heavenly Master Chang to cure the sick or destroy evil spirits. The reverent term Heavenly Master is used to refer to Chang, whose secular name was Chang Tao-lin. Originally named Lin, he is said to have been a county magistrate during the reign of Emperor Ming-ti (r.58-75 A.D.) of the Eastern Han dynasty. Later he abandoned office and went into reclusion at Lung-hu Mountain in Kiangsi Province to learn the skill of refining the elixir of life and Taoist spells. His high attainment in Taoism attracted numerous disciples to study under his instruction, and soon he was reverently addressed as Heavenly Master. A millenium later, his descendant, Chang Tsung-yen, was officially installed as Heavenly Master of the Han by Emperor Shun-t’i (r.1335-1340) of the Yüan dynasty. &*1.王耀庭,〈明陳槐畫天師圖〉,收入王耀庭、童文娥編,《長生的世界:道教繪畫特展圖錄》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1996年初版),頁69。