石渠寶笈初編(養心殿),上冊,頁650&*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁285&*故宮書畫圖錄,第六冊,頁55-56&*王紱(1362-1416),江蘇無錫人,字孟端,號友石生。初隱九龍山,又號九龍山人。書法詩文皆出群,善繪事,永樂間(1403-1424)以墨竹名馳天下。 王紱畫竹的淵源,經元李衎(1245-1320)、吳鎮(1287-1359)、倪瓚(1301-1374)、柯九思(1312-1365),而上溯自宋代文同(1018-1079)。其間也融入了元初趙孟頫(1254-1322)書法用筆入畫的觀念,往往能於遒勁中出姿媚,縱橫外見洒落(註1),因而明董其昌評其為當代開山手,王世貞更譽之為「國朝第一手」。 本幅寫倒掛竹一枝,姿態秀妍,筆法出自吳鎮,以淡墨寫枝幹,濃墨寫葉,蘊有千枝萬葉之意。其構圖意念來自院藏文同的「墨竹」軸,以一竿而有千畝的氣勢,故幅上梁潛題曰:「片楮中見此短梢,而煙雲千畝之勢,如在渭川淇園也」。其中的「渭川淇園」也是本幅得名的由來。「渭川」語出《史記》貨殖列傳,謂有渭川(今之甘肅渭水)千畝竹等,則其人與千戶侯等,後因謂竹之繁茂,曰渭川千畝(註2);淇園則是地名,在今之河南淇縣附近,古代以產竹而著名。 (譚怡令) 註1:徐沁,《明畫錄》卷五,收錄於《畫史叢書》(臺北:文史哲出版社,1974),第二冊,頁1210。 註2:《史記》下,貨殖列傳卷六十九,收錄於《百衲本二十四史》(臺北:臺灣商務印書館,1967),第二冊,頁1226。 &*1.譚怡令,〈帝國的回憶 國立故宮博物院瑰寶赴法展專輯二 — 王紱淇渭圖〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第186期(1998年9月),頁36-37。 &*王紱(西元一三六二-一四一六年),江蘇無錫人。字孟端,號友石,又號九龍山人、青城山人。以畫墨竹名天下,兼善山水。 河南淇水和甘肅渭水都以產竹而聞名,有「淇園之竹」和「渭川千畝竹」之稱,本幅因以其為名。雖以遒勁的筆法,只畫竹梢一段,卻是密葉疏枝,俯仰向背,佈置得頗有巧思,可由小觀大,見千畝之勢。&*Wang Fu, a native of Wu-hsi in Kiangsu Province, was famous for his paintings of bamboo in monochrome ink. He also depicted landscapes. The Ch'i River in Honan and the Wei River in Kansu are both famous regions for bamboo and known as "The Ch'i gardens of bamboo" and "The thousand bamboo acres of Wei". This painting of bamboo is named after them. Though using quite strong brushwork to reveal a segment of the top of the bamboo, the leaves appear all the denser against the sparseness of the twigs. The bamboo bends back and down into view for a creative composition. A sense of grandeur and multitude appears is suggested by the few humble forms in this work, thus hinting at the famed "thousand bamboo acres".