宋人畫問喘圖 卷
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- 資料識別：
- 故畫001007N000000000
- 資料類型：
- 類型:繪畫
- 型式:靜態圖像
- 主題與關鍵字：
- 官員（臣） 農夫 牛 溪澗、湍泉 雲 瀑布 侍從（侍女、童僕）
- 出版者：
- 數位化執行單位:國立故宮博物院
- 格式：
- 本幅 21.7x118.1公分、裱綾一 13.9公分、引首 25.5x102公分、裱綾二 13.7公分、隔水一 11.9公分、裱綾三 13.9公分、裱綾四 13.8公分、隔水二 11.9公分、裱綾五 13.9公分、拖尾一 23.1x36.8公分、裱綾六 13.8公分、隔水三 11.9公分、裱綾七 13.9公分、拖尾二 26.6x189.2公分、裱綾八 13.9公分
- 關聯：
- 石渠寶笈三編（延春閣），第四冊，頁1530 &*故宮書畫錄（卷四），第二冊，頁89-90 &*故宮書畫圖錄，第十七冊，頁35-40 &*1.朱惠良，〈元王逢跋宋人問喘圖〉，收入《雲間書派特展圖錄》（臺北：國立故宮博物院，1994年初版），頁116。 2.〈傳宋人畫問喘圖〉，收入陳階晉、賴毓芝主編，《追索浙派》（臺北：國立故宮博物院，2008年初版一刷），頁167。 &*本幅無作者名款，畫丙吉問年喘的故事。按「漢書•丙吉傳」記載：丙吉當丞相時，一日，遇百姓死傷枕藉，阻塞道路，丙吉視若無睹，看見有人趕牛，牛吐舌喘息，立即向前，詢問牛行多遠。隨侍官員不解丞相為何顧此而略彼，丙吉解釋說：「老百姓搏鬥而有死傷，這是京兆尹職責所當禁止的。現在時方交春，氣候不宜太熱，現見牛行近距離即喘息，恐時氣失節，我位居三公，職掌是調和陰陽，理當操心此類事物，所以我才問牛何以喘氣。」&*This painting has no signature of the artist. The content of the work illustrates an anecdote which is recorded in Documents of the Han Dynasty (Han shu). The story goes that one spring day, Ping Chi (d.55 BC), a high official of the Han, came across people lying dead and injured on the road. Taking no heed, he continued on. A little later he encountered a man leading a water-buffalo which was painting heavily. He immediately became concerned and asked the ox-herd as to how long the water-buffalo had been traveling. To those who felt that he should have showed more concern for dead and dying people than an ox, Ping Chi replied; Brawlers who kill or injure themselves should be dealt with [ individually ] by those business it is to deal with such matters. An ox painting in spring—if it is not painting from a long journey—means that the summer heat has arrived before its time and that the seasons are out of joint, thus creating a situation of grave concern for everybody in the country. &*本幅繪西漢丞相丙吉知大體的故事。丙吉嘗外出，見百姓群鬥，死傷橫道，卻過而不問。不久見有人逐牛，牛吐舌喘息，他即上前探問牛行已有多遠。隨侍官員不解丞相為何顧此而失彼，丙吉曰，百姓搏鬥屬京兆尹職權所在，而今春熱未深，牛竟急喘，恐寒暑失時，陰陽不調，這才是丞相應關心之事。畫中煙雲瀰漫，水墨氤氳，人物衣紋多顫筆，而表情生動。幅上無名款，雖題為宋人，或為後人偽託。&*This work shows the story of Bing Ji, a prime minister of the Western Han. One day, while riding in his cart with attendants, they came across brawling people by the road. He continued without concern. He then came across a man with an water buffalo panting. He immediately stopped to ask how long they had been traveling. His attendants were puzzled as to why he was more concerned about an ox than injured people. He replied that fighting was a matter for local officials, but an ox panting in early spring (if not traveling for long) suggested unusual heat, which could have disastrous results for all. This muggy scene is rendered in ink and the drapery lines quiver. Although attributed to a Sung artist, it is probably by a later hand.&* 畫的是輔佐漢宣帝（西元前91∼49）的有名丞相丙吉（卒於西元前55）的故事。丙吉漢代魯國人，字少卿，封博陽侯。丙吉當宰相時，一天外出，逢到路上群眾鬥毆，死傷在路上。做為宰相的丙吉卻一點也不過問。他的隨從人員就責怪他。丙吉又繼續前進，看到有人趕一頭牛，這隻牛張開嘴吐舌頭氣喘喘的。丙吉趕忙停車，命令騎吏前往詢問：這頭牛走了幾里路？隨從人員就說：「丞相，人死了，你視而不見，牛只是喘氣，你卻註意，你真是顛倒了關心的對象吧！」也有人用這兩件事來譏笑丙吉。丙吉的回答：「人民相互打鬥殺傷，這是首都長安或者地方長官應該作的職責，如何禁止、防備、捉拿壞人，年度終了，作丞相的考核他們的成績，奏請皇帝加以賞罰。宰相不必親自處理這種小事，所以不應當急於在道路上處理。當春天的時候，太陽並不強烈，我恐怕牛只走了一段小路，就因為太熱而氣喘了。這是不是氣候冷熱異常，對牛的傷害呢？作為宰相，他的職責是治理全國性的大政，氣候是不是風調雨順，關係到全國人民的生活。所以我當然要過問。」隨從聽了，知道丙吉是一位識大體的人物，終於認同丙吉的行為。畫中一片原野，煙霧迷漫山樹之間，丙吉作指點問話，拱手站立牛旁回答的是農民，這與上面的史書上記錄有所差別，畫把它改成由丙吉親自問答，顯得故事更加親切。
- 管理權：
- 國立故宮博物院
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http://www.npm.gov.tw/zh-TW/Article.aspx?sNo=03003061
