石渠寶笈初編(御書房),下冊,頁1139 &*故宮書畫錄(卷五),第三冊,頁161&*故宮書畫圖錄,第四冊,頁57-58&*趙孟頫字子昂,號松雪道人。齋名「松雪」。宋宗室,世居吳興(今浙江湖州)。入元,歷仕世祖、成宗、仁宗三代,官至翰林學士承旨。工詩文,善書畫。山水、人物、鞍馬、竹石和花鳥,無不精妙,為元初書畫藝壇的領袖。其所提出的「作畫貴有古意」和書畫同源的理論,更奠定了元代文人畫發展的基礎。此幀構圖簡約,巨石後有叢竹數竿,寒柯一株。趙氏以飛白法畫石,遒勁有力,將石頭堅硬的質感一表無遺。畫樹的篆籀筆法圓熟,表現出古木蒼老斑駁的效果。枯樹的嫩條新梢,筆法快捷,用筆沉著。竹之枝節圓勁有力,墨色飽滿。竹葉筆法起伏有致,和楷書的「永字八法」相呼應。這件寫意的畫作雖然傳達了具體物象的形貌,但更重要的是表現了書法藝術的韻致,是「秀石疎林圖」卷後趙氏自題詩:「石如飛白木如籀,寫竹還應八法通;若也有人能會此,須知書畫本來同」最好的註解。畫幅上張仲壽(十三至十四世紀)與倪瓚(1301-1374)的題識,都對趙氏的這幅傑作讚譽有加。(李玉珉)&*1.蔣復璁,〈倪瓚題趙孟頫窠木竹石圖〉,收入國立故宮博物院編,《元四大家》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,1975年初版,1976年二版,1984年三版),頁63。 2.李玉珉,〈「天子之寶 — 台北國立故宮博物院的收藏」展品系列(四) — 繪畫〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第247期(2003年10月),頁26。 &*趙孟頫(西元一二五四-一三二二年),宋宗室,居吳興,字子昂,號松雪道人。仕元,至翰林學士承旨,封魏國公,諡文敏。詩文清遠,書畫為後世所宗。孟頫自云:「石如飛白木如籀,寫竹還須八法兼」。此幀寫石用飛白法,樹法用筆,通婉如篆籀,竹葉筆法,起伏而含蓄,有八法俱備之概。孟頫所云,於此蓋可徵信也。此幅原為宋克所藏,語見倪瓚跋中。&*Chao Meng-fu, a member of the Sung Imperial family, resided in Wu-hsing, Chekiang. His style name was Tzu-ang; his sobriquet Sung-hsüeh Tao-jen. During the Yüan dynasty, he served as a scholar in theHan-lin Academy and was enfeoffed as the Duke of Wei. His poetry and belles-lettres were excellent, and his calligraphy and painting have served as models for later generations. In this painting, Chao Meng-fu followed his own precepts: rocks rendered with "flying white", trees as with seal script, and bamboo executed as one ought the eight basic calligraphy strokes. In other words, rocks are rendered with a dry brush, trees and tree branches with the supple roundness of seal strokes, and bamboo leaves with the restrained beginning and finishing which are involved in the eight basic strokes of standard script. According to Ni Tsan's (1301-1374) colophon, this painting originally was in the collection of Sung K'o (1327-1387).